A child who is not in custody can be fingerprinted and photographed when:

• A. The child's guardian consents in writing
• B. The school's principal consents in writing
• C. The child's consent in writing
• D. The parent's voluntary consent in writing

Answer: (D)

When a child is not in custody, decisions about collecting biometric data like fingerprints or photographs are made by the parent or legal guardian, not by the child or by someone like a school principal. The required protection is that this consent be voluntary and in writing, giving a clear record of authorization and safeguarding the child’s privacy.

The school principal cannot grant this authorization, the child cannot legally consent on their own, and while a guardian with equivalent authority could consent, the scenario emphasizes the parent's written voluntary consent as the proper form of approval.